Earthquake
How is a Tsunami?
Tsunamis, giant waves that arise are when it comes to an earthquake in the deep sea, or a huge mountain slip into the sea. The word “Tsunami” comes from Japanese and means big wave in the harbour.
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Where it trembles
A total of seven continental plates form the surface of our earth. Where they collide, there is a particularly high risk for earthquakes. In Nepal, the Eurasian encounters the Indian plate. This plate tectonic collision also triggered the dramatic quake last Saturday.
We show seven particularly earthquake-prone regions. -
Nepal, Bhaktapur [1]
Seven of the world’s cultural monuments are in the Kathmandu valley. They have a high cultural and spiritual significance for the Nepalese people – they are also magnets for tourists. Here people celebrate the Gaijatra Festival on Bhaktapurs historic place in August 2014.
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Nepal, Bakhtapur [1]
The earthquake of 25. April, 2015 had the strength of 7.8, destroyed large parts of the capital, Kathmandu, and killed more than 5000 people. The rescue work is in full swing: Under the ruins of the temple of the people are still buried.
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Japan, Fukushima [2]
In Japan, the earth shakes very often, the country is regarded as a specialist in earthquake protection. Skyscrapers in the cities are built on special foundations leave the house in case of an earthquake vary, and so the energy of the shock intercept. In 2010, the nuclear power plant in Takahama, a total of 55, which is about a third of the Japanese energy peisten. It is located on the West coast of Japan.
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Japan, Fukushima [2]
Japan is over 5000 miles from Nepal. 11. In March 2011 it suffered a similarly dramatic fate. The earth shook and triggered one of the greatest disasters witnessed in the country. More than 18,000 people died. The quake triggered Tsunami damaged the Fukushima nuclear power plant is so strong that large amounts of radio leaked the active Material.
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Indian Ocean, Andaman Sea [3]
The island group of India belonging to Andaman is not far away from the fracture edge between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plate. Due to large tectonic stresses there often to sea and earthquakes.
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Indian Ocean, Andaman Sea [3]
So how 26.12.2004: The third most powerful ever measured earthquake shook the sea floor off Sumatra. The resulting tsunami cost 230,000 people along the coasts of the Indian ocean, life.
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China, Yunnan Province [4]
In southwest China’s Yunnan province. It is known for its stunning nature, its rice terraces and their earthquake risk. The Chinese province is located on the Northern border of the Indian-Australian and the Eurasian plate.
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China, Yunnan Province [4]
A 6.5 magnitude earthquake killed in August 2014, more than 400 people. 100,000 have been according to media reports, homeless. China is repeatedly rocked by serious tremors. In 2008, at least 70,000 people died in an earthquake in the Sichuan province.
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Italy, L’aquila [5]
Europe is also threatened by earthquakes. Here the African plate against the European continent. Italy is located directly on the plate boundary.
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Italy, L’aquila [5]
2009 killed over 300 people in an earthquake in L’aquila, Italy. Tens of thousands were left homeless. As the following seven scientists were sentenced to prison sentences because they had not been warned before the quake, caused the international criticism: earthquake with today’s scientific methods.
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USA, San Francisco [6]
The Golden Gate Bridge is the landmark of San Francisco. But your doom looms: researchers say that the Californian city soon, the worst earthquake before 1906. Earthquakes in this Region are caused by stresses in the San Andreas fault off the coast of California. The North American sliding under the Pacific plate – a huge tension.
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USA, San Francisco [6]
In 1906, an earthquake destroyed the city on the West coast of the USA almost completely. It applies until today as one of the worst natural disasters in the history of the United States. 3000-6000 people at the time were killed.
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Chile, Valdivia [7]
Today nothing reminds of the idyllic Valdivia in the South of Chile to the risk of an earthquake. But it is real: right in front of the coast of Chile, the border between the South American and the Nazca plate. The tensions are too great, the earth trembles. In the result of Tsunamis.
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Chile, Valdivia [7]
With a value of 9.5, it was the strongest ever recorded earthquake: in 1960, the earth shook off the coast of Chile and destroyed large parts of the infrastructure of the country. Almost 1700 people were killed, millions were left homeless.
In 2010, there was in Chile a large quake. The next “Big Bang,” say researchers for the North of Chile before the earth was, for years, suspiciously quiet.
-
Where it trembles
A total of seven continental plates form the surface of our earth. Where they collide, there is a particularly high risk for earthquakes. In Nepal, the Eurasian encounters the Indian plate. This plate tectonic collision also triggered the dramatic quake last Saturday.
We show seven particularly earthquake-prone regions. -
Nepal, Bhaktapur [1]
Seven of the world’s cultural monuments are in the Kathmandu valley. They have a high cultural and spiritual significance for the Nepalese people – they are also magnets for tourists. Here people celebrate the Gaijatra Festival on Bhaktapurs historic place in August 2014.
-
Nepal, Bakhtapur [1]
The earthquake of 25. April, 2015 had the strength of 7.8, destroyed large parts of the capital, Kathmandu, and killed more than 5000 people. The rescue work is in full swing: Under the ruins of the temple of the people are still buried.
-
Japan, Fukushima [2]
In Japan, the earth shakes very often, the country is regarded as a specialist in earthquake protection. Skyscrapers in the cities are built on special foundations leave the house in case of an earthquake vary, and so the energy of the shock intercept. In 2010, the nuclear power plant in Takahama, a total of 55, which is about a third of the Japanese energy peisten. It is located on the West coast of Japan.
-
Japan, Fukushima [2]
Japan is over 5000 miles from Nepal. 11. In March 2011 it suffered a similarly dramatic fate. The earth shook and triggered one of the greatest disasters witnessed in the country. More than 18,000 people died. The quake triggered Tsunami damaged the Fukushima nuclear power plant is so strong that large amounts of radio leaked the active Material.
-
Indian Ocean, Andaman Sea [3]
The island group of India belonging to Andaman is not far away from the fracture edge between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plate. Due to large tectonic stresses there often to sea and earthquakes.
-
Indian Ocean, Andaman Sea [3]
So how 26.12.2004: The third most powerful ever measured earthquake shook the sea floor off Sumatra. The resulting tsunami cost 230,000 people along the coasts of the Indian ocean, life.
-
China, Yunnan Province [4]
In southwest China’s Yunnan province. It is known for its stunning nature, its rice terraces and their earthquake risk. The Chinese province is located on the Northern border of the Indian-Australian and the Eurasian plate.
-
China, Yunnan Province [4]
A 6.5 magnitude earthquake killed in August 2014, more than 400 people. 100,000 have been according to media reports, homeless. China is repeatedly rocked by serious tremors. In 2008, at least 70,000 people died in an earthquake in the Sichuan province.
-
Italy, L’aquila [5]
Europe is also threatened by earthquakes. Here the African plate against the European continent. Italy is located directly on the plate boundary.
-
Italy, L’aquila [5]
2009 killed over 300 people in an earthquake in L’aquila, Italy. Tens of thousands were left homeless. As the following seven scientists were sentenced to prison sentences because they had not been warned before the quake, caused the international criticism: earthquake with today’s scientific methods.
-
USA, San Francisco [6]
The Golden Gate Bridge is the landmark of San Francisco. But your doom looms: researchers say that the Californian city soon, the worst earthquake before 1906. Earthquakes in this Region are caused by stresses in the San Andreas fault off the coast of California. The North American sliding under the Pacific plate – a huge tension.
-
USA, San Francisco [6]
In 1906, an earthquake destroyed the city on the West coast of the USA almost completely. It applies until today as one of the worst natural disasters in the history of the United States. 3000-6000 people at the time were killed.
-
Chile, Valdivia [7]
Today nothing reminds of the idyllic Valdivia in the South of Chile to the risk of an earthquake. But it is real: right in front of the coast of Chile, the border between the South American and the Nazca plate. The tensions are too great, the earth trembles. In the result of Tsunamis.
-
Chile, Valdivia [7]
With a value of 9.5, it was the strongest ever recorded earthquake: in 1960, the earth shook off the coast of Chile and destroyed large parts of the infrastructure of the country. Almost 1700 people were killed, millions were left homeless.
In 2010, there was in Chile a large quake. The next “Big Bang,” say researchers for the North of Chile before the earth was, for years, suspiciously quiet.
The giant waves can be caused when earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, nuclear explosions or meteorite shake no blows to the sea floor. In contrast to normal waves, where the water surges at the ocean surface – in the case of a Tsunami even in the deep layers of water in motion.
Almost unnoticed, to the coast
Tsunamis may travel up to 900 kilometers per hour, and so within a short time whole oceans to cross. On the high seas, this wave is usually, but not higher than two or three meters, and is not noticed because of their large wave length of ships. As long as a Tsunami crosses the deep ocean, is the distance from wave crest to wave crest is 150 kilometres or more. In shallow coastal waters and narrow inlets, the speed of the wave decreases, but goes up to enormous heights of up to 40 meters and can whole tracts of land lay waste.
The coastal form is more influenced by the shape of the Tsunamis. Either there are multiple, rapidly rising and falling floods, a series of waves or, in rare cases, a single powerful flood wave with a steep breaking Front break. Wave with a height of up to 30 meters, an unimaginable destructive force to develop mountains, often far into the Hinterland.
Tsunamis are not uncommon
A serious Tsunami hit Indonesia and Thailand in 2004 and killed about 230,000 people.
The highest Tsunami-risk is because of the great activity of the earth’s crust around the Pacific ocean. Early warning services try with Sensorbojen, computers and satellites to warn the affected areas in good time before the possible giant waves. One of the highest waves was on the 27. August 1883 the eruption of the volcano Krakatau triggered: about 30 meters high, the Tsunami broke at the time, to the coasts of Java and Sumatra, over 36,000 people were killed.
In 1946 an earthquake in the Aleutian Islands triggered a Tsunami In Alaska, five people were killed, hours later, in Hawaii, more 159. In 1992, more than 2000 people died in the Eastern Indonesia, as an island, in the short term in the water mass sank. In July 1998 a tidal wave crack after a quake off Papua new Guinea, more than 1200 people to death.
A satellite image of a village on Banda Aceh in Indonesia illustrates the power of destruction.
In the case of a serious Tsunami disaster on the 26. December 2004 in Southeast Asia, more than 230,000 people were killed. The huge tidal wave that was triggered by a quake of magnitude 9.1 in, swept over large sections of the coast of Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia, as well as sections of coast in Sri Lanka and South India.
In March 2011 off the Japanese coast to a severe earthquake that triggered a Tsunami in which over 18,000 people were killed and almost half a Million people to their homes, and homes lost. The Tsunami was the trigger for the nuclear disaster of Fukushima.