The extreme right is radicalized further, says the publicist, Simone Rafael. Also the alleged individual deeds reflected the threat posed by the scene. An Interview about the normalization of violence.
Right-wing violence in Germany is not new, but the acts of violence are becoming more frequent. According to the protection of the Constitution report by 2018, the number of injuries has risen with the extreme right-wing Background of almost four percent. The number of suicide attempts increased from four to six. 2019 is already experienced a murder – at the Kassel government President Walter Lübcke. In the case of the shots of Wächtersbach of foreign origin has become made General threats against people in a murder trial. The victim is an apparently arbitrary representative of this group. Both types of threats in Social networks now daily, says Simone Rafael from the Amadeu Antonio Foundation.
Deutsche Welle: wife of Rafael, after the murder attack in Wächtersbach people now speak of a new quality of events: you See that too?
Simone Rafael: The radicalisation of the extreme right-wing and the right-wing populist scene progresses more obvious than in the past. By rights demonstrations and hate speech in social networks, racist or extreme-right positions have normalized now. Meanwhile, we have a excessive amount of death threats against politicians, journalists and activists, bomb threats against public buildings such as courts and city halls, or against a cinema that wants to show a Film against right-wing extremism.
The threat by action, is real?
I’m afraid that threats of inspire in the network acts of violence, because the perpetrators feel legitimized to act suitable to an alleged majority opinion. But, of course, also applies Vice versa: If I know that extreme Right-wing people have to take assassinate or attack, I made a threat of violence, of course, more serious.
Marks on the Asphalt: the place of the shots of Wächtersbach
Rights and extreme-right tendencies in Germany according to the “mid-study” of the University of Bielefeld since been relatively constant in German society. Why causes this ideology has people to Action?
The extreme-right scene, imagine yourself in an imagined civil war, we could already see in the last few years, in the social networks. Now, you call to take up arms and fight for Germany before everything is lost, what you feel as a German.
How is it that violence breaks right now railway?
The extreme right-wing or right-wing populist scene was relatively successful in order to bring their theses to the Public. If we look at only the massive excitement of two day-care centres in Leipzig, who want to have the pig on your dining plan: This has not only led to a massive Shitstorm, but also that the police perform it’s necessary felt with the daycare calls because of possible hazards – not least because one of the largest German Boulevard media has put this issue on the Agenda. (The “image”newspaper reported in detail about the day-care centre in Leipzig, Germany, d. R.) no longer have to worry About the extreme-right scene, even now.
Simone Rafael: excessive amount of death threats
At the same time people, certain ideologies, attachments move, in the corresponding networks in which they are permanently to new job messages are supplied, so that in this scene a feeling of action will be forced.
“Contacts with the organised extreme right-wing scene isn’t necessary”
“The scene” – that sounds very abstract. It is in the right range of not only HARYANA, but also even more extreme organizations such as the international neo-Nazi network “Combat 18”, to which the terrorist group national socialist underground (NSU) Connections. The alleged perpetrators of Wächtersbach, on the contrary, he had followed a clear racist motives, but no contacts to the scene.
I always have to chuckle a bit when I hear comments such official position. Contacts to the organised extreme right-wing scene no longer necessary to provide themselves with this thought. This works very well on social networks.
The classic neo-Nazis are of course still present, violent and dangerous. But within the last two to three years, a completely new set of perpetrators, and perpetrators have developed – people who were previously not a criminal offence in appearance. The authorities, therefore, they are not known as racists or extreme Right-wing, but in their own environment. There you have radicalized yourself so far that you get weapons and then use it.
Visitors to the law rock-concert “shield and sword Festival” in Ostritz
Some calls to the Social networks that they take action against hate speech and murder calls. What do you think?
I’m not a Fan of everything, I hope always, that in civil society more. However, I would like to actually see a network in the duty to take responsibility for what happens on his channels. But if we are relevant as a call to violence or murder in a criminal law, are the law enforcement agencies in the obligation. And in Germany, as yet, too little specialized in crime in the network.
“Victims of right-wing extremist and right-wing populist attacks are not taken seriously”
It means that extreme-right positions would be re-would not be acceptable – also because of certain authorities look at crime from this spectrum exactly. Could you oust the right-wing extremism through stronger law enforcement from the Salons?
We see very strongly in social networks and in the real world, the victims of right-wing extremist and right-wing populist attacks are not taken seriously, offenses over the years, not followed it. This creates a feeling that it is okay to say certain things or to make. Because I see very clearly our law enforcement agencies in the obligation, and the ever-radical the right-wing to turn to and, accordingly, a greater access than in the past.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…The face of the NSU: Beate Zschäpe
Nine men with an immigrant background between shot 2000 and 2006, with the same gun of the type “Ceska”. The police groping in the dark. In the media the talk is of “Döner-murders”. On 4. November 2011, exploded in Zwickau, a house. In the rubble investigators discover the murder weapon and claiming responsibility for the Video. Four days later, Beate Zschäpe of the police.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…The alleged NSU-Trio
In 1998, Beate Zschäpe went with your right-wing friends, Uwe Böhnhardt and Uwe Mundlos in the substrate. The Trio lives almost 14 years undetected in various locations, most recently in Zwickau. The investigators believe that the terrorist group traveled murdering and bombend across Germany. His living to the NSU through robberies financed.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…The Victim
Nine men and a woman murdered by the NSU. The first victim, Enver Şimşek, died on 11. In September 2000, his severe injuries. The names of the other victims: Abdurrahim Özudogru, Süleyman Taşköprü, Habil Kılıç (above, from left), Mehmet Turgut, Ismail Yasar, Theodorus Boulgarides, Mehmet Kubaşık, Halit Yozgat (below, left) and the policewoman Michèle Kiesewetter (above, right).
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NSU process: In the name of the people…Bomb attacks in Cologne
In the mainly Turkish inhabited keupstrasse explodes on 9. In June 2004, with nails filled bomb. More than 20 people are injured, some seriously. Already on 19. In January 2001, is detonated in a Shop in Priory lane is an explosive device. A 19-year-old girl with Iranian roots, suffers burns, lacerations, a skull fracture and ruptured eardrums.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…At the end of a flight
On 4. November 2011 fails in Eisenach, a Bank robbery. The offender can first escape, but are pursued by the police. A short time later to be discovered in a smoke residential mobile the bodies of two men. The circumstances suggest that you have taken the life. It is the alleged NSU killer Uwe Böhnhardt and Uwe Mundlos.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…The last hiding place
A few hours after the death of Böhnhardt and Mundlos in a residential building exploded in Zwickau. Arsonist should be Zschäpe Beate. So you want to destroy, apparently, the traces in the common with your friends-occupied housing. In the rubble of the ruin, investigators discover, among other things, the murder weapon of NSU murder series from the type “Ceska” and a Martyr Video.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…The Confessor-Video
In a macabre Video with the popular cartoon character pink Panther, the NSU is committed to the murders of nine men and a policewoman, Michèle Kiesewetter. Halit Yozgat was, like, seven other victims of Turkish origin. Since Theodorus Boularides had Greek roots, has shot to the NSU in fact, eight of the Turks. In the Video shown number is wrong.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…Process Kick-Off
On 6. May 2013 starts in front of the higher regional court of Munich of the NSU-process. The only Survivor of the alleged Terror trio, Beate Zschäpe, will appear in a dark Trouser suit, and most observers emphasized self-confident impression. The Federal Prosecutor accuses her of, among other things, “in ten cases, home reasons, treacherous, and from low motives to have killed a man”.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…NSU helper?
Except for Beate Zschäpe-are accused in the NSU trial of four men suspected of supporters. Only the former functionary of the far-right NPD, Ralf life (below, right), may be called in the coverage with all thy name. In André, E., Carsten S. (above, v. l.) and Holger G. (below, left) must be abbreviated to the Name for reasons of privacy.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…Zschäpe breaks her Silence
On 9. December 2015, the Unexpected happened, after Beate Zschäpe has to weigh two and a half years: it is a statement recited to them, they accused, Uwe Böhnhardt and Uwe Mundlos in the murder series. In the summer, she had fallen out with your duty of defenders, Wolfgang Heer, Wolfgang Stahl and Anja Sturm. Since then, she is defended additionally by Hermann Borchert and Mathias Grasel.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…The V-Man-Scandal
What is the role of the protection of the Constitution in the environment of the NSU? This is an issue from the beginning, like a shadow over the process. The extreme right is the protection of the Constitution-Snitch (V-man) Tino Brandt describes as a witness in detail how he built up since the 1990s, the “Thuringia home guard” (THS). In this organization, the later NSU Trio of Beate Zschäpe has been held radicalized. Böhnhardt and Mundlos.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…When Halit Yozgat was shot…
…an official of the constitutional security at the crime scene, in an Internet cafe in Kassel. The V-man leader Andreas T. don’t want anything from the murder of the 6. April 2006, have noticed, even though the victim was in the entrance area. Yozgats father Ishmael describes in the NSU-process in a very moving way how he held his dying son in his arms. In the courtroom, he has a children-photo of Yozgat in itself.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…Protests on the outskirts
Demonstrations against the involvement of government Agencies in the NSU-complex, there are always. Many organizations, including the Initiative “keupstrasse is everywhere” participate in the actions. In Cologne’s keupstrasse, exploded on 9. June 2004 allegedly by NSU with nails filled bomb
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NSU process: In the name of the people…NSU investigation committees
Also, the German Bundestag is trying to bring light into the darkness of the NSU-complex. In August 2013, the Chairman of the first Committee of inquiry, Sebastian Edathy (R), President of Parliament, Norbert Lammert passes the over 1000 pages thick final report. The judgment is clearly a failure: “the State”. Later there is further investigation committees at Federal and länder level.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…The broken promise
23. February 2012 will take place in the Konzerthaus in Berlin, the Central remembrance event for the NSU victims. A relentless education of the crimes, German Chancellor Angela Merkel (l.) Semiya Şimşek (R) and other victims promises to members. However, are deeply disappointed in the face of destroyed or under lock and key holding the protection of the Constitution-files. Your suspicion is that The state knows more.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…Federal Prosecutor calls Höchsstrafe
Federal Prosecutor Herbert Diemer and his colleagues to begin in the summer of 2017 their pleadings. For Beate Zschäpe, you are calling for the maximum penalty: a life sentence in the case of a determination of the specific gravity of the fault and subsequent preventive detention. For Ralf wohlleben and Andre E. calls for the indictment of twelve years in prison, Holger G. to S. for five years behind bars and Carsten for three.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…Zschäpe’s Old defenders demand release
In April 2018, the defender pleadings of the accused begin. Beate zschäpe’s first 2015 added attorneys Hermann Borchert and Mathias Grasel apply for your client a penalty of a maximum of ten years. Your Old defender Wolfgang Stahl and Wolfgang Heer and Anja Sturm (l. to R.) surprise with the demand for zschäpe’s immediate release from prison.
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NSU process: In the name of the people…The Presiding Judge
Manfred Götzl is chief judge in the NSU process. The run from his criminal Senate of the higher regional court of Munich falls Zschäpe, the judgments against Beate and her co-defendants. The opinions about the 64-Year-olds apart sometimes. Some of the co-plaintiff lawyers would have liked sometimes a tighter process management. Overall, however, Götzl enjoys great respect.
How could one turn the wheel back and people from their radicalisation, get out?
In fact, this will happen only in the practical work. And this happens also Quite a lot of great mayors, committed Church communities, people from the civil society to engage and make it, somehow, understanding and to break down resentments, so that a good will work together to grow the company.
Simone Rafael is editor-in-chief of the “Belltower.News network for the digital society”, the Internet portal of the Amadeu Antonio Foundation, which applies according to the company, “against right-wing extremism, racism and anti-Semitism”.
The conversation Jan Walter led.