After the eight-hour shift waiting tables or on the weekend due to work? For many people the heard of in this country everyday life. The reasons are various: money, variety and the strong favoring of mini-jobs.
If Kerstin Schmidt (Name changed), 43, on Friday afternoon of a 40-hour week, coming home from work, cook them quickly for their two sons, moves, rests, perhaps, briefly and must then go on to the next Job. This is because the right lawyer assistants to work weekends in the cloakroom at carnival events. “I have for the past ten years consistently in addition to jobs, because the money was never enough to feed three people, to dress, etc.,” said Schmidt in an Interview with DW. For Schmidt, this often means: a Seven-day-a-week. “I’m not even really awake,” she says during the interview. But she also says: “I can’t afford not to have a part-time job.”
Mini-jobs to get benefits
Schmidt is one of more than 3.4 million multiple employees in Germany – so people who have more than one Job. There were employees in 2003, nearly 1.4 million more times, has doubled the number now far more than. Most of them have a main job that social insurance contributions are paid, and then at least a part-time job. This part-time job is usually a Minijob, 450-Euro-Basis. The Numbers go back from a request of the Left in the Bundestag and refer to data of the Federal employment Agency.
Enzo Weber, head of Research Department, IAB
The reasons for the mini Boom to be varied, said Enzo Weber, head of Research Department at the Institute for labour market and occupational research (IAB). He sees the main reason for the strong favoring of mini-jobs. “The first mini-job, they have a part-time job, is exempt for the employee, entirely by taxes and duties. And this is such a strong subsidy that the course you wish to take a lot of people.” The legal regime makes the job so for many people are attractive. But the motives, at all more than to work, a distinction. Kerstin Schmidt earned in your Job to 2600 Euro gross, at the end of your about 1650 Euro remain to the life – half of them plan to go alone for the rent, she says. For the support of their two sons, have you never get, therefore, a second or third Job had to be always – as a waitress, a cashier, or in other service areas. “It was never about luxury, Saving money or vacation, but to make money to Survive,” says Schmidt.
How many people in Germany to pursue out of pure financial Need multiple jobs is hard to quantify, says Weber. “On average, we see that, in addition to jobbers in your main job significantly earn less than other people who have no part-time job,” says the expert. “In our evaluation, after all, 570 euros per month. This suggests that a relatively large number of people are dependent on this additional money.” More than four million full-time employees in Germany work for a low wage – i.e. around one in five. You earn less than 2200 euros gross per month.
There are a total of more Employees in Germany, but the number of multiple employees increases disproportionately
Especially people who work in professions, in services, in the area of education, health or social Affairs or in management occupations, were often more than one employment, says Weber. In the hospitality industry, the recreation industry or in retail, you earn a few Hundred euros a month.
More Jobs for more variety
But to say a flat rate, to have multiple Jobs, spent the money, grab it clearly emphasizes the labour market researchers. Because other factors could have a mini-job Boom contributed to more and more people were working in part-time and would have more time for a part-time job. For example, in the field of nursing.
“Which is not a primary objective is to earn more money,” says Johanna billets by the German professional Association for nursing (DBfK). “The go in part time because the workload is so high,” said stick. “Some people say: I prefer to work in part-time and go on the side brush. It is exhausting, but it’s me.” Several activities i.e., high work to mitigate the loads in the main profession.
Other Workers, such as Nathalie Dederichs, have two Jobs, in order to have more variety and because of the second Job. Dederichs works 32 hours per week in Assisted Living. In addition, she has a job, works per month for about six nights as a standby in a residential community for people with intellectual disability, or epilepsy. The part-time job had begun Dederichs already during their studies. “In the meantime I hang on to my colleagues in the WG-residents,” says the 31-Year-old. The money was not necessarily dependent. “But I think the difference between the two Jobs is very pleasant.”
Nathalie Dederichs works part-time and still has a job
In an international comparison, no other country has so many “mini-jobbers” in Germany. “If the development take a look at Europe, then Germany is lonely at the top. So a growth of no other country in Europe,” says Weber. Also in the US, the percentage of part-time job in Bern was not as high as in Germany.
The strong tax advantage, the mini-jobs’, make it so attractive, the labour market researchers, however, also critical. So busy in their mini-job paid several times, mostly not in the pension Fund. “That doesn’t look very sustainable,” says Weber. “And in addition to jobs, most of the cases are not in all those that you bring in your acquisition career really in the long term, which will lead to a better integration in the labour market.”
For a change, what can be done
To but anyway not all of multiple employees. Many are looking for the second Job, because you want to afford something – a vacation, a visit to a restaurant or a Hobby. As Melanie N., 31, from Bonn. She also works full-time as a paralegal – and at weekends she helps out in a Disco. Even if you don’t need the mini-job to make ends meet, he gives her security. “It is good to know that you can put something back,” she says Interview with DW. “It enables a financial freedom and you don’t need to turn every Euro twice.”
Even if the number of mini-jobbers is growing, Weber but also to the fact: “In the German labour market, there is a total of more than 40 million people. So it is by no means a phenomenon of the great mass of the workers, but it is something that grows over the years, steadily and significantly,” – for various reasons.