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Leading the way: 125. Birthday of the architect and city planner Hans Scharoun

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Hans Scharoun was one of the great builders of the 20th century. Century. From the factory owner’s Villa to the functional, social housing, he designed everything under the proviso of the “Organic building”.



Scharoun was born on the North sea coast, ships, and ocean liners were among his earliest childhood memories. Later, as a successful architect, he built, with a marked preference for the Canon of Maritime forms. In the 1920s, he designed the building, which from a distance looked like lying on the ocean giants.

20. September, 1893, he arrived in Bremen to the world. The Hanseatic city had ports at the time, one of the largest Overseas in Europe. In the neighboring town of Bremerhaven, Germany Hans Scharoun grew up and went to school. On the famous Columbaskaje the great ocean liners left for America.

By the desire of the son to be an architect, was built by his father. He forbade him even to Draw, out of fear of the son of the “bread-less art would be forfeit”. The mother promoted secretly the Talent of her son.

Visionary: The architect and the city planner Hans Scharoun

Contact with the Bauhaus

From 1912 – 1914, the young Scharoun was able to finally realize his dreams and at the Technische Hochschule in Berlin-Charlottenburg to study architecture and construction. His father had meanwhile died. The practical work was important to him, especially the detail work on the buildings. With zeal he worked in the office of a well-known architect.

The beginning of the 1. World war I ended his dreams – for the time being. In 1915, Hans Scharoun, was convened as a soldier for military service to East Prussia. After the war, he remained there and made as a district architect in the reconstruction of ostpreußi cher cities a name. In Insterburg, he founded his first architectural office. There he met the architect and city planner Bruno Taut.

In front of the 2. World war, built Scharoun much in East Prussia and, as here, a residential home, in Breslau, Silesia

In 1925, Scharoun was appointed as a Professor at the state Academy for art and applied arts in Breslau/Silesia. He became friends with Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius, and took part along with you to the housing exhibition at Weissenhof in Stuttgart. But how, later on, the Bauhaus in Dessau, the pioneering wrocław school of art in 1932, was closed.

Architect of the avant-garde

The assumption of power by the national socialists in 1933, the classic-Modern in architecture, as in art, came to an abrupt end. Scharoun was regarded now as a “degenerate artist” and got no public jobs and Offices. Most of his colleagues have emigrated abroad, Scharoun stayed in Germany.

With the construction of private houses, he was for a time on the water. To deal with him, however, would require courage, as he later told. “As clients remained people who were kind of obsessed with the new Build. A house that was to me the dearest, built by factory owner Schminke from loebau, Saxony.”

Daring design: The “Haus Schminke” in the Saxon town of Löbau. Here is DW-TV hosts the “private concert”.

This ultra-modern Villa located at an idyllic lake in the middle of the Green is one of his most famous buildings: leading the way in its elegant curved shape, bold elements constructed of seemingly floating concrete with nautical portholes. Hans Scharoun was left to its Hanseatic style. Today, the “house of Makeup” as a historical counterpart to the strictly geometric and right-angled design of the Bauhaus.

City building officer with radical ideas

After the war, the Soviet military administration appointed him in the spring of 1945 as a city planner in the magistrate of Groß-Berlin and entrusted him with the management of the construction and Housing Ministry. Scharoun’s “collective plan”, a fundamental restructuring of the city and great car provided-friendly routes in the city, was not realized, fortunately.

In 1946, the architect was called back to the Professor – this time to the Technical University of Berlin. He busied himself with the construction of schools and educational institutions, in which he renewed his philosophy of “Organic Building”. “Each building has its own shape” as he. Its architecture, he developed strictly from the inside to the outside, creating “thinking spaces” and “nest-like” meeting points for the students, and taught the external Form of the building to the interior.

Scharoun (centre) at the laying of the Foundation stone of the Prussian state library (1967)

The culmination of his work as an architect after the war was the Berlin Philharmonic, in 1963, it was inaugurated: a place of music making, the concert culture and the encounter between orchestra musicians and the audience. The conductor had placed Scharoun as the centre of the spacious concert hall in the middle. Later, the Philharmonic orchestra was supplemented by a second chamber music hall, an architecturally ground-breaking buildings of the ensemble. The Hans Scharoun did not live, he died on the 25. November 1972.

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