The UN-Pact, of which almost no one speaks

0
385

Part of fierce debates had taken place before the vote in Marrakech, on the UN-migration Pact. The UN refugee Pact was completely out of sight. He also harbours potential for conflict.

Central African Republic: internally displaced people in temporary accommodation near the airport of the capital Bangui

After all, 36 of the 193 UN member States have rejected the migration Pact in Marrakech. The most prominent among them: the USA. But also the EU countries Hungary, Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Poland do not want to make the Declaration of ownership.

Next week, the UN refugee Pact is on the Agenda. As the migration Pact, he also goes back to the New York Declaration of 2016, in the case of the 193 UN had been agreed by the members, “with humanity, sensitivity and empathy with large refugee and migration movements”, as stated in article 11 of the document.

USA and Hungary do not want to

17. December, the General Assembly in New York to adopt the refugee Pact. And so far, it looked like that at least 192 countries would agree. A cancellation had so far only signalled Washington. The UN refugee Pact is “incompatible with the immigration and refugee policy of the USA”, – was stated from the White house.

Shortly before the migration, the summit in Marrakech has also said Hungary’s government against the refugee Pact. On its website, the government cited its immigration advisors György Bakondi: The concepts of Migration and asylum would be thrown since 2015 is constantly a mess. Hungary’s foreign Minister Peter Szijjarto called the refugee Pact as a “back door” of the Migrationspakts. Migrants, so the fear, could be declared to be refugees.

Hungary’s foreign Minister Péter Szijjártó, rejects the UN refugee Pact as a “back door” of the UN-migration Pact

The Berlin-based migration expert, Marcus Engler, this interpretation is not surprising: “The Hungarian government tried for a long time, to use the immigration debate for their own purposes,” said Engler of the DW. The UN refugee Pact actually not the obligations to which Hungary is not already: “that’s nothing, what would the Geneva conventions or the European Convention on human rights,” says Engler. In addition, the refugee Pact was legally just as binding as the migration Pact.

Might also be a reason why the refugee Pact has so far been so little attention to: During the migration Pact is the first agreement between the UN, governments, the Problem of mass Migration in the focus, the refugee Pact is more of a reminder to existing agreements, to grant refugees protection.

Return, Resettlement, Load Balancing

In the refugee Pact with four specific objectives for dealing with these people, are now described: It is to support the States that have absorbed many refugees, and to relieve, including Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan, but also Iran, Pakistan, and Uganda. In addition, refugees should be stronger integrated in the labour market, the education system, etc., And the States Escaped with a “return in safety and Dignity to help” in their home countries.

More than two percent of the population of Uganda are refugees – most from the Congo, as these children

The third of the four goals is: “access to third States’ solutions.” “It is especially to particularly vulnerable people,” explains Engler: the Sick, the children, Single-parent families and other particularly vulnerable people should be resettled in conditions of precarious, as in many refugee camps, and in countries, which can, for example, provide access to adequate medical care. According to Figures from the UN refugee Agency is of the world’s 24 million of the war, a Million refugees are particularly in need of protection. Throughout 2018, it is estimated 50,000 of these people will be from third countries.

Why two different packages?

All of this emphasizes the migration of researchers Engler, was concluded, in essence, nothing New, but only a further commitment to the existing Agreements. “A more binding regulation would certainly be desirable, but the member States were not ready.”

Whether it makes sense to design a migration and a refugee Pact, it could diksutieren long, says Engler. It was clear, however, that the international law between Migration and escape is different, and it is what should have any UN agreement to do. To pour “both of which are in a Pact, would probably have been less confusing,” says Engler. Alone, however, is that – as of today – the refugee Pact in 31 States want more shows as the migration Pact, that governments also see a difference agree.