Scientists have managed to use genes on and off with the help of a computer. This light signal is used, which in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, known as baker’s yeast, are translated into gene expression.
For the computergecontroleerde genetic testing, was used to phytochromen in the yeast. These proteins are abundant in plants and are sensitive to light. A beam of red light is able to the protein in its active form change, which ultimately leads to the cell genes is going to read, and then proteins. The production is to stop by phytochrome back to its inactive form by using a beam of red light that is further away in the spectrum.
The scientists have on the affected gene is a piece of code built in that encodes a fluorescent label. When the protein is created under the influence of the beam of light and phytochrome, the computer feedback about the amount that is produced by the intensity of the built-in fluorescent tag. This creates a ‘feedback loop’ that the computer allows for the production to closely check. If the computer is a abundance of produced protein detects, it is possible to reduce production with a shorter beam of light, or by phytochrome using a beam of deep red light to stop.
S. cerevisiae is not only used to make bread, but for scientists is also a model organism in genetics. This is because many genes and proteins in yeast is consistent with that of humans.
The discovery can be used to change the yeast for example medicines to produce. By micro-organisms are genetically modified, they may be proteins that would otherwise be difficult to synthesize. Also, bacteria are widely for that purpose used.